Tire.



J'UNIUS BGWDEN, OF LGS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

` TIRE.

, Specification of Letters atent.

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Application filed July 15, 1909. Serial No. 507,867.

To ali 'whom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, JUNiUs A. BownnN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and' State of California, have invented -a new and useful Tire, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a tire of a type described in several previous applications of mine, Serial No. 414827,` filed Feb. 7, 1908; Serial No. 427544, filed April 16, 1908; Serial N0. 466178, filed Dec. `5, 1908; Serial No. 468897, filed Dec. 19, 1908; and Serial No. 498383, filed May 25, 1909, wherein studs or projections aredetachably secured in the tread surface of the tire. I have therein shown detachable studs seated in receptacles in the tire. Such receptacles are preferably made of Inet-al and should be firmly secured in the tire. The receptacles may be secured in the tire by metallic :means or they may be vulcanizedA in the tire. There is considerable difficulty, however, in vulcanizing the metal to the rubber and the main object of the present invention is to overcome that ditliculty and provide a construction whereby the metal receptacles are firmly secured in place by vulcanizing.

Another object is to provide an improved forin of stud and means for retaining the stud in the receptacle.

It is well known that rubber' may be vulcanized perfect-ly to canvas or the like fab! ric, while it is very difficult to vulcanize the rubber tovmetal in such a way thatvt-he rubber will adhere to the metal with sufficient firmness. By covering each metal receptacle with a casing of canvas or the like fabric and by securing this fabric irmly to the metal receptacle and then vulcanizing the rubber to the canvas covered receptacle, I obtain the niain object sought, the metal receptacle is secured to the fabric and can not be removed therefrom and as the fabric in turn is perfectly vulcanized with the rubber, the receptacle is thus firmly secured in the rubber. detailed description of this method of construction and of the various details of the stud and their securing means will be brought out in the following descri ption.

Referring to the drawings: Figurel is a vertical section in detail through a portion of the tire taken diaineti'ically through a receptacle withits contained' stud. Fig. 2 is the assemblage of the parts.

a section through a stud. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a receptacle showing .the fabric secured thereto before the insertion and vulcanization of the receptacle in the` tire. Fig.

4 is a perspective view in detail of the ini ternal washer. Fig. 5 is a perspective View the portion of the tire canvas adjacent ther neck of the receptacle and illustrates the slitting of the canvas at the orifice topermit Fig. 8 is a plan View of the rubber casing. Fig. 9 is a modified forin of the rubber casing.

l 1 designates the outer rubber layer of the tire under which is a canvas layer 2, succeeding which are layers of rubber and 4.1,

5 is a layer of canvas following which is a rubber layer (5 with succeeding canvas and rubber layers 7.

8 designates the metal receptacle which is `so formed as to produce an annular external groove 9 with a flanged top 10. I cover they receptacle 8 `with a casing of canvas or the like fabric, the casing thus forming a bag which closely' fits the receptacle and is bound toit. '4

Fig. (S shows the canvas fabric 11 in the shape in" which it is cutout before being applied to the receptacle and as shown it consists of a center portion with radiating leaves 12, preferably about eightin number, as indicated, with notches 13 between the leaves, so that when the canvas is applied to the receptacle and the leaves are laid flat against the receptacle, the notches 13 will be substantially cl sed, but there will be narrow slits 14 f med. as indicated in Fig. 3. Between the canvas 11 and the receptacle 8 is a thin layer of rubber 34 which vulcanizes the canvas thereto, although I do not depend upon this vulcanization solely forsecuring the canvas to the receptacle. In Fig, 1 this intervening rubber layer is shown as thicker than in actual practice for illustrative purposes. The upper endsof theleaves 12 are bent in the-groove i) to coliform to the shape thereof and a stringA 1G is wound around several times and then tied to lock the fabric in the groove. ,The string 16 does not completely lill the groove, so that there is sufficient of the groove left for the interlocking of that portion of the tire which fits therein as will be described. Fig. 9

i; in its pocket in the tread, and finally vulcanized therein, the vulcanization of the rubber being perfectly effected with the canvas and also with the string 1G, so that the receptacle is most firmly secured. It

might be stated in other words, that the rubber 1 surrounding` the neck of the receptacle is prevented from expanding or stretching and slipping over the enlarged bulbous portion of the receptacle, by reason of the string 16 which is vulcanized around the inner rim of the encircling rubber, the string being non-stretchable and acting as a ring of fixed size which alone would probably furnish sufficient security. -However, in addition to this, the inner face of the rubber is vulcanized to the. fabric surrounding the bulbous portion, thereby affording the requisite security. It is obvious that before the receptacle can be torn from its position the string 1G would havevto enlarge or else the considerable mass of rubber surrounding it would have to be torn bodily from the tread, it will be noted thatthe tread por' tion is not weakened by the formation of the Apockets therein which receive the receptacles,but on the contrary is strengthened by reason of the reinforcing string and-canvas fabric which is permanently vulcanized and forms a. lining permanently secured'to the inner' surface of the cavity in the tire. The slits 1a also promote the security of fastening, as they permit the groove to interlock with the edges of the leaves 12. This also permits the inner layer of rubber to v ulcani'ze with the main body of rubber, which is outside of the canvas.

17 designates the stud preferably of rubber which has a lower flange 18 and an up per flange 19 forming an annularv groove 20 between the two flanges. A layer of canvas A 21 is vulcanized to the body of the stud and the stri-4d has an interior cavity- 22 which communicates With the central perforation 23 forming a shoulder 24 which is reinforced by the canvas 21. Within the re- Vvcept'acle 8 is a dished washer 25 inverted so that its flange 26 rests upon the bottom of the receptacle 8. The washer 25 has a buttonhole slot 27.

28 is an anchor pin, the upper end of which has a head 29 and the lower end has a cross barBO. .The stud is engaged inthe. receptacle by inserting t-he cross bar 30 through the buttonhole slot 27A and the stud is then turned about one-quarter around and then the rubber stud 17 is inserted by forcing it into the receptacle so that the head of the anchor pin 29 enters through the orifice 23 into the cavity 22 and engages the shoulvder 24, while the lower flange 18 of the stud engages below a shoulder 31 formed in the receptacle. After the stud has been inserted 'it is locked therein rby the anchor pin' and by the shoulder 31.

The canvas layer 2, as'indicated in Fig. 7, is slit for a short distance at to enable the flange v10 of the receptacle to pass the perforation in the canvas. The perforation is of a size to malte a snug fit inthe eX- terior groove portion of the receptacle, and the circular face of the slitted perforation joins the narrow diameter of the receptacle, so when the canvas layer is vulcanized to the rubber it binds the slit together in theI groove of the receptacle, and forms a strongl barrier against the receptacle pulling out.

lVhat l claim is:

1. In a tire, a metal receptacle in the tread portion thereof, said receptacle having an external groove, a bag of fabric enveloping the receptacle and vulcanized thereto,` and additional means for securing the fabric in said groove.'

2. In a tire, a metal receptacle having an vevternal shoulder, a canvas casing around soV the receptacle, string binding the fabric overv said shoulder, said fabric being vulcanized in the tire.

3. In a tire, a metal receptacle having an external groove near its top, a canvas casing outside the receptacle, string wound in said groove and binding the canvas therein in the inner part of the` Groove, the bodyportion of the tire projecting into the outer portion of said groove aroundsaid string.

4t. In .a tire, a receptacle in the tread portion thereof, said receptacle having an internal shoulder, an anchor plate in the receptaclebelow the shoulder and having a slot, an anchor pin projecting through the .slot with a cross barbelow the anchor plate,

a stud in the receptacle, said anchor pin projecting into said stud and engaging the saine.

5. v 1n a tire, a receptacle in the tread portion thereof, said receptacle having an' in ternal shoulder, an anchor plate in Vthe receptacle below the shoulder and having a slot, an anchor pin projecting through the slot with a cross bar below the anchor plate,

a stud in the receptacle, said anchor pin projecting .into said stud` and engaging the same, said anchor pin having a .head which engages an internal shoulder in the rubber stud.

6. Asa new article of manufacture,a del"tachable rubber stud for a vehicle tire hav- "ing external flanges at its top and bottom forming y an intermediate external groove, and formed with an, internal cavity with a perforation extending gthrough the bottom part of the stud to the cavity and forming a shoulder at itsfjunnction with the cavity.

7 As va new article of manufactura-a -detachable stud for a vehicle' tire, said stud being formed 'of rubber and with a canvas layervvulcanized in the body portion thereof intermediate the ends of the stud.

8. As a new article of manufacture; a depart of the stud to the cavity and forming a shoulder at its junction .with the cavity,` and a layer of 'canvas vulcani/Zed in the stud flush with the internal shoulder.

9. In a tire, a metal receptacle in the tread portion'thereof, a canvas casing around the receptacle and vulcanized in thetire, said casing comprising a bottom portion with radiating leaves which lie against thev side walls of the receptacle forming slits between the leaves.

10. In a tire, a metal receptacle in the tread portion thereof, a canvas casing around the receptacle and vulcanized in the tire, said casing comprising a bottom portion with radiating leaves which lie against the side wallsof thev receptacle'forming slits be- Ween the leaves, the top of said leaves bound to said receptacle near its/top.

11. In a tire, a metal"l receptacle in the tread portion thereof, a canvas casing around the receptacle and vulcanized in the tire, saidY casing comprising a bottom portion with radiating leaves which lie against the side walls of the receptacle forming slits between the leaves, said casing being vulcanized to the metal receptacle, a'nd the rubber on both 'sides of the casing communicating through the slits in the casing. A

l2. In a tire, a receptacle in the tread portion .fhereof, said receptacle having a flange at 'its 1Lop and a groove below the flange, a perforated canvas layer, provided with slits engagingl said groove, for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California, this 8th day of July 1909.

JUNIUS A. BOWDEN.

In-presence of- ARTHUR P. KNIGHT, GLADYS RUSSELL. 

